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Expert Advice

Improving Energy Efficiency in Data Centers: Practical Approaches for Smarter Operations

Published June 24, 2025
nZero
By NZero
Improving Energy Efficiency in Data Centers: Practical Approaches for Smarter Operations

As digital infrastructure expands, data centers have become indispensable. From cloud computing to AI training and e-commerce logistics, these facilities are essential—but they’re also among the most energy-intensive buildings in the U.S. A typical data center can consume 10 to 50 times more electricity per square foot than an office building.

While uptime and reliability are top priorities, energy performance is increasingly in the spotlight—driven by cost pressures, sustainability goals, and operational resilience. The good news is that there are practical, data-informed strategies that help balance performance with efficiency.

Improving Energy Efficiency in Data Centers: Practical Approaches for Smarter Operations

Where Energy Goes in a Typical Data Center

Understanding how energy is used is the first step toward reducing it:

  • IT equipment: servers, networking devices, and storage typically use around 50–60% of a data center’s electricity.
  • Cooling systems: another 30–40%, depending on climate and facility design.
  • Power infrastructure and lighting: make up the remainder, but can still be significant.

A common benchmark for efficiency is Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE). Lowering PUE—from, say, 2.0 to 1.5—can lead to meaningful savings, especially in large-scale operations.


Energy Efficiency Challenges to Be Aware Of

  1. Cooling systems running harder than needed
    In many facilities, cooling systems are configured with conservative settings that lead to overcooling and higher energy use than necessary.
  2. Limited visibility across systems
    Without granular, real-time data, it’s difficult to know when or where inefficiencies occur.
  3. Airflow imbalances
    Hot and cold aisle mixing, underfloor leaks, and poor containment reduce cooling effectiveness.
  4. Servers running low workloads
    Underutilized or “ghost” servers consume power while contributing little, quietly driving up IT energy use.

Steps Toward Smarter Energy Management

  1. Enhance Visibility with Real-Time Monitoring
    By tracking energy use at the circuit or rack level—and analyzing hourly trends—operators can spot when cooling or server loads exceed expectations and adjust accordingly.
  2. Fine-Tune Cooling Operations
    Even small temperature increases (e.g., raising setpoints from 70°F to 74°F) can cut cooling costs by 4–8%, especially when combined with optimized airflow and containment.
  3. Review Airflow Layout and Containment
    Installing blanking panels, sealing cable cutouts, or implementing hot aisle/cold aisle containment can greatly improve cooling efficiency with minimal investment.
  4. Monitor and Consolidate IT Workloads
    Visibility into server utilization helps teams retire underused hardware or consolidate workloads—lowering both IT and cooling energy requirements.
  5. Explore Load Shifting Options
    Facilities with flexibility may explore thermal storage or shift certain cooling loads to off-peak hours to reduce demand charges and support grid stability.
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The Value of Hourly Data and Integrated Insights

Monthly utility bills don’t provide enough detail to guide day-to-day decisions. Granular energy data—especially when broken down by system, time of day, and workload—enables smarter planning and continuous improvement. Examples include:

  • Adjusting cooling dynamically based on actual IT load
  • Identifying inefficiencies in specific server racks or cooling zones
  • Verifying the impact of upgrades or layout changes
  • Supporting ESG reporting and compliance with data-backed evidence

Platforms that bring together energy, temperature, and server performance data allow both facilities and IT teams to work from a shared view—and make more informed decisions.


Conclusion: Toward Resilient and Efficient Digital Infrastructure

Data centers will always be energy-intensive, but with the right tools and insights, they don’t have to be energy-wasteful. Incremental improvements—in visibility, cooling, airflow, and server utilization—can add up to meaningful reductions in cost and carbon impact.

In an increasingly digital world, energy-efficient data centers not only support business continuity—they also reflect responsible, future-focused operations.

References:

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